Ubumenyi bw'ibanze ku byerekeye ecran za LCD: Ubwoko n'itandukaniro byazo birasobanurwa

Mu buzima bwa buri munsi ndetse no mu kazi, dukunze guhura n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa ecran za liquid crystal (LCD). Byaba kuri telefoni zigendanwa, televiziyo, ibikoresho bito, calculators, cyangwa thermostats za air conditioner, ikoranabuhanga rya LCD ryakoreshejwe cyane mu nzego zitandukanye. Kubera ubwoko bwinshi bwa ecran ziboneka, akenshi biragoye kuzitandukanya. Muri rusange, ariko, zishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro by'ingenzi byinshi, nka segment code LCDs, dot matrix screens, TFT LCDs, OLEDs, LEDs, IPS, n'ibindi. Hasi, turagaragaza muri make ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'ingenzi.
Kode y'igice LCD

Amakode y'ibice bya LCD yakozwe bwa mbere mu Buyapani aza gushyirwa mu Bushinwa mu myaka ya 1980. Yakoreshwaga cyane cyane mu gusimbuza imiyoboro ya digitale ya LED (igizwe n'ibice 7 kugira ngo yerekanwe imibare 0-9) kandi akunze kuboneka mu bikoresho nka calculators n'amasaha. Ibikubiye muri ecran yazo biroroshye cyane. Zitwa kandi LCD zo mu bwoko bw'ibice, LCD nto, ecran z'inyuguti 8, cyangwa LCD zo mu bwoko bw'ibishushanyo.

Ecran y'akadomo ka Matrix

Ecran za dot matrix zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwa LCD dot matrix na LED dot matrix. Mu magambo make, zigizwe n'urusobe rw'ingingo (pixels) zitondetse muri matrix kugira ngo zikore agace ko kwerekana. Urugero, ecran ya LCD ya 12864 isanzwe yerekeza kuri module yo kwerekana ifite ingingo 128 zitambitse n'ingingo 64 zihagaze.

TFT LCD

TFT ni ubwoko bwa LCD kandi ikoreshwa nk'ishingiro ry'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kwerekana kristu y'amazi. Telefoni nyinshi za kera zakoreshaga ubwo bwoko bwa ecran, nayo iri mu cyiciro cya dot matrix kandi ishimangira imikorere ya pikseli n'amabara. Ubujyakuzimu bw'amabara ni igipimo cy'ingenzi cyo gusuzuma ubwiza bw'ishusho, hamwe n'amahame asanzwe arimo amabara 256, amabara 4096, amabara 64K (65.536), ndetse n'amabara menshi nka 260K. Ibikubiye mu ifoto muri rusange bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu: inyandiko isanzwe, amashusho yoroshye (nk'ibishushanyo cyangwa amashusho ya katuni), n'amashusho y'ubwiza bw'amafoto. Abakoresha bakeneye ubwiza bw'amashusho cyane bakunze guhitamo uburebure bw'amabara bwa 64K cyangwa hejuru.

Ecran ya LED

Ecran za LED zoroshye cyane—zigizwe n'amatara menshi ya LED akora agace ko kwerekana, gakunze gukoreshwa mu byapa byo hanze no mu byerekanwa by'amakuru.

OLED

Ecran za OLED zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya pixel rikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora amashusho. Ku bijyanye n'amahame y'urumuri, OLED iteye imbere kurusha LCD. Byongeye kandi, ecran za OLED zishobora gukorwa nto, bigafasha kugabanya ubunini bw'ibikoresho muri rusange.

Muri rusange, ecran za crystal y'amazi zishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bibiri by'ingenzi: LCD na OLED. Ubwo bwoko bubiri butandukanye cyane mu buryo bwo kubona amatara: LCD zikoresha amatara yo hanze, mu gihe OLED zo zikoresha ubwazo. Hashingiwe ku iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ririho ubu, ubwo bwoko bwombi bushobora gukomeza kubaho kugira ngo buhuze n'ibyo abakoresha bakeneye mu mikorere y'amabara n'uburyo bwo gukoresha.